The Great Pyramid
Pyramid in Egypt's Midst, Yet At Border
Question: How can the Great Pyramid be said to be 'An altar to the LORD in the midst of the land of Egypt,' and also 'a pillar at the border thereof to the LORD' (Isa 19:19)?
Answer: The Pyramid is on an elevated rocky plain, overlooking the Nile river, not far from Cairo, Egypt. A remarkable thing in connection with its situation is that the Nile delta forms a seacoast which in shape is a true quarter-circle, with the Pyramid marking the inner angle.
This relationship of the Pyramid to the coast was discovered by Mr. Henry Mitchell, Chief Hydrographer of the US Coast Survey, who visited Egypt in 1868 to report the progress of the Suez Canal. His observation of the regularity of the curvature along the whole of Egypt's northern coast led him to conclude that some central point of physical origination was indicated. On searching for this grand center, he found it marked by the Great Pyramid, which led him to exclaim: 'That monument stands in a more important physical situation than any other building erected by man.'
A line drawn from the entrance passage due north would pass through the northernmost point of Egypt's coast; and lines drawn in continuation of the northeast and northwest diagonals of the structure would enclose the delta's either side, so embracing the fan-shaped country of Lower Egypt. Built upon the northernmost edge of the Gizeh cliff, and looking out over this sector, or open-fan-shaped land of Lower Egypt, it may be truly said to be at the very border and in its nominal center, as described in Isaiah 19:19.
We should keep in mind that two Egypts are mentioned in the Bible--Lower and Upper Egypt. When only one is meant, the Hebrew word Mazor is used (Isa 19:6; 37:25; 2 Kings 19:24; Micah 7:12; see ASV, margin); but when both are meant, as in Isaiah 19:19, the Hebrew word Mizraim, two Egypts, is used (Gen 50:11, etc.). The Great Pyramid is on the boundary between these two Egypts and thus is on the border of these two Egypts and is also 'in their midst,' i.e., between them. The Hebrew word betoch is frequently in the Bible translated by the words between, in and within. Thus it is in, within, both of these Egypts and on the border which separates them.
Date of Great Pyramid's Building
Question: When was the Great Pyramid built?
Answer: Professor C. Piazzi Smyth originally concluded
that the Pyramid was built in 2170 BC. He based his
conclusion primarily on astronomical calculations. By
computing the position of the stars in relation to the
Pyramid, he calculated that in 2170 BC, Alpha Draconis,
the chief star of the Dragon constellation, a
symbol of sin and Satan, shone down the central axis of
the Descending Passage at midnight of the autumnal
equinox. He calculated that at precisely this same
instant Alcyone, a notable star of the Pleiades group, a
symbol of God and the center of the universe, stood
exactly on the meridian of the Pyramid, at that point in
the heavens which is at right angles to the downward
inclination of the Descending Passage (see
Seven Stars and
Heaven).
Professor Smyth claimed that if 2170 BC was not absolutely
correct, then the correct date would be 'at least
closer thereto than the beginning or end of the duration
of the Pyramid's building can be to its middle date.'
The relative positions of Alpha Draconis and Alcyone
with reference to the Pyramid's meridian and Descending Passage,
were very carefully recalculated by the
eminent astronomer, Richard A. Proctor, and 2140
BC was pronounced by him as more likely to be
correct. To this Professor Smyth agreed, saying in later
editions of Our Inheritance in the Great Pyramid that
2140 BC might be considered as fairly well established.
Thus the autumn of 2140 BC probably saw the
completion of the building operations on the Pyramid,
whereas 2170 BC, 30 years earlier, probably saw the
commencement of these operations; for Herodotus informs
us that the Pyramid took 30 years to complete.
This date, 2140 BC, is also marked internally in the
Pyramid by means of a time measurement in Pyramid
inches. On each sidewall of the Descending Passage
there is a perfectly straight, deeply scored line, evidently
drawn with a metal tool by the ancient workmen. These
scored lines, opposite each other, are exactly at right
angles to the incline of the passage. Measuring down the
First Ascending Passage from the north wall of the
Grand Gallery to the point of intersection with the
Descending Passage yields 1543.5 Pyramid inches.
Measuring up the Descending Passage from this point
of intersection to the scored lines is 628 Pyramid inches.
This total distance is 2171.5 Pyramid inches. Recognizing
that the north end of the Grand Gallery represents
our Lord's death in the spring of 33 AD, then 2171 1/2 years
prior to this takes us to the autumn of 2140 BC. Thus the
Pyramid itself, by means of these
scored lines, indicates the date of its own completion!
Scientific Features of the Great Pyramid
Question: What are some of the scientific features of
the Great Pyramid?
Answer: The first work of importance on the subject,
proving the Great Pyramid has scientific features,
was in 1859 by John Taylor of England. Since then the
attention of many able men, including Professor C. Piazzi
Smyth, Robert Menzies, Col. Howard Vyse, Sir Flinders
Petrie, Dr. Joseph A. Seiss, Dr. John A. and Morton
Edgar, etc. has been given to the further study of the
testimony of this wonderful structure and witness. Many
such features have been discovered; a few of the simpler
ones are presented here.
Pyramid measurements are based on the Hebrew
cubit, which is 25.027 British inches in length. One
Pyramid cubit equals 25 Pyramid inches. Modern calculations
have shown that the Pyramid inch is the one-half
billionth part of the earth's polar diameter.
The length of each side of the base of the Pyramid is
365.2422 cubits. Our astronomical or tropical year has
a mean length of 365.2422454 mean solar days. Also the
perimeter of the base of the Pyramid is 36524.22
Pyramid inches, the length of 100 years expressed in
days. Determinations of such accuracy were not possible
to man before the 20th century.
The angle of slope of the sides of the Pyramid is such
that they meet at an apex with a height of 232.52
cubits. The perimeter of the base divided by twice this
height produces 3.14159+ or pi, i.e., the ratio of the
circumference to the diameter of a circle. This relationship
was supposedly first discovered by the Greeks, 2500 years
after the Pyramid was built.
The mean distance from the earth to the sun is
variously estimated as between 91 and 93 million miles.
The vertical distance between the Pyramid's apex and
the socket base level is 5813.0101 Pyramid inches. This
distance converted to British miles is .091837578 miles.
The Pyramid's height is the one-billionth part of the
distance to the sun.
The procession of the equinoxes is caused by the
gyration of the earth's axis--the slow, orderly, progressive
change in the position of its axis of rotation. Due
to the tilting of this axis the sun appears to cross the
earth's equator twice during the earth's revolution
around the sun. These two times are called the vernal
and autumnal equinoxes, i.e., equal periods of day and
night. Since the earth's gyration is opposite to the
earth's revolution around the sun, the equinoxes occur
every year a little before each complete revolution is
made and are therefore said to precede themselves.
The period of years in which the complete cycle is
accomplished is called the 'precessional cycle of the
equinoxes.'
The length of the precessional cycle is variously given
because the rate of precession is not constant. In popular
reference works a period of 25,800 years is given,
which approximates its length based on the current
rate. However, the figure for the average length of a
complete precessional cycle is a mean between its greatest
and least possible lengths. These figures are based
on computations covering 2,000,000 years, which show
the limits of the fluctuation in the precessional rate.
John N. Stockwell, MA, in his Memoir of the Secular
Variations, published in Smithsonian Contributions
to Knowledge, Vol. 18, states: 'The mean value of the
precession...in a Julian year, is equal to 50".438239;
whence it follows, that the equinoxes perform a complete
revolution in the heavens in the average interval of
25,694.8 years.' This figure stated in Julian years of
365.25 days, is equal to 25,695.3 of the true tropical years.
Sir Robert Stawell Ball, in his Elements of Astronomy,
p. 365, shows that the duration of the precessional cycle
is 25,694 to 25,695 years.
The Great Pyramid of Gizeh in a number of ways
records this cycle as being between 25,694 and 25,695
years. For example, Dr. John and Morton Edgar, well-known
pyramidologists, afer their many visits to and
accurate measurements of the Great Pyramid, pointed
out that the sum of the lengths of the two diagonals of
the Pyramid's base at the platform level (each being
12,847.1764 Pyramid inches) is 25,694.3528 Pyramid
inches, thus indicating that many years; also the same
number of inches is found again as the Pyramid's perimeter
at the level of the Grand Gallery's floor terminal.
The position of the Pyramid marks the center of the
land surface of the whole earth. There is more land
surface in both its meridian (31st degree) and its latitude
(30th degree) than in any other meridian or
latitude of the globe. Its orientation to true astronomical
north deviates only 5 minutes of arc to the west. Such
positioning many thousands of years ago required
a knowledge of the entire world that could not be
humanly ascertainable at that time.
Some of the other earth-commensurable proportions
of the Pyramid which have been worked out include the
spheroidal shape of the earth, the proportion of the land
and ocean sruface of the earth, the average density and
cubical bulk of the earth, the obliquity of the ecliptic,
the length of the synodic month, etc."
(The Great Pyramid and the Bible)
"...the Descending Passaage happens to line up with the Pole Star...Because
of the slow motion of the stars, the passage lines up precisely to a Pole
Star only once every several thousand years. Stars move, and that
Pole Star, Alpha Draconis (Dragon Star) has not been in direct
alignment with the Descending Passage for thousands of years...A
new Pole Star will finally become perfectly aligned within the
next few years; this hevenly body is known as the North Star.
"The North Star's proper name is Polaris, which
in Greek means 'Satan.' Each year the Pole Star shines
further down the Descending Passage. The North Star will
illuminate the entrance to the Well Shaft (sometimes called the point
of last escape) in 1997. The North Star will shine on the floor of
the Subterranean Passage seven years later in 2004."
(The Delicate Balance, John Zajac)
1997- Notes on Revelation
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